Can I extend my J-1 status to sit for a board exam?

Yes, according to federal regulations, a foreign physician may extend his or her J-1 status, for good cause shown, to take an examination required for certification by a specialty board.  See 22 C.F.R. (Code of Federal Regulations) 62.27(e)(3).  ECFMG will even permit J-1 extensions where the foreign physician has already received his or her J-1 waiver.  ECFMG will typically extend the J-1 status only up to six months.

Please note that such extensions carry no employment or training authorization.  Additionally, if your extension to sit for a board exam would cause you to exceed the seven year limit for your J-1 status, there will be additional restrictions and complications.  Please see my post regarding extending J-1 status beyond seven years for more information.